local-area network

A computer network that spans a relatively small area. Most LANs are confined to a single building or group of buildings. However, one LAN can be connected to other LANs over any distance via telephone lines and radio waves. A system of LANs connected in this way is called a wide-area network (WAN). Most LANs connect workstations and personal computers. Each node (individual computer ) in a LAN has its own CPU with which it executes programs, but it also is able to access data and devices anywhere on the LAN. This means that many users can share expensive devices, such as laser printers, as well as data. Users can also use the LAN to communicate with each other, by sending e-mail or engaging in chat sessions. There are many different types of LANs Ethernets being the most common for PCs. Most Apple Macintosh networks are based on Apple's AppleTalk network system, which is built into Macintosh computers. The following characteristics differentiate one LAN from another: topology : The geometric arrangement of devices on the network. For example,devices can be arranged in a ring or in a straight line. protocols : The rules and encoding specifications for sending data. The protocols also determine whether the network uses a peer-to-peer or client/server architecture. media : Devices can be connected by twisted-pair wire, coaxial cables, or fiber optic cables. Some networks do without connecting media altogether, communicating instead via radio waves. LANs are capable of transmitting data at very fast rates, much faster than data can be transmitted over a telephone line; but the distances are limited, and there is also a limit on the number of computers that can be attached to a single LAN.

Contoh Desain Jaringan Internet untuk Pelanggan ISP

Akses Internet semakin banyak di butuhkan oleh berbagai pihak, baik untuk kantor, warnet, game online, sekolah, kampus bahkan dirumah.

Untuk lebih memudahkan pelanggan dalam mengimplementasikan jaringan Internet di lingkungannya berikut adalah beberapa contoh umum yang dapat digunakan dalam merancang jaringan komputer berbasis TCP/IP.

Contoh 1.

Akses Internet melalui:

Wireless LAN (WLAN) / Leased line

Implementasi untuk:

• SOHO = Small Office Home Office atau UKM = Usaha Kecil Menengah
• Kantor Cabang
• Sekolah
• Warung Internet atau Game Online

Aplikasi untuk:

• Browsing Internet
• Chatting
• Download / Upload
• VoIP = Voice Over Internet Protocol
• Game online

Keterangan:

• Jika diperlukan adanya server yang dapat diakses dari Internet yang terpisah dengan PC Router dapat menggunakan teknik Port Forwarding.

Gambar 1. Jaringan Internet Sederhana menggunakan WLAN

Contoh 2.

Akses Internet melalui:

Wireless LAN (WLAN)

Implementasi untuk:

• SOHO = Small Office Home Office atau UKM = Usaha Kecil Menengah
• Kantor Cabang
• Sekolah
• Warung Internet atau Game Online

Aplikasi untuk:

• Browsing Internet
• Chatting
• Download / Upload
• VoIP = Voice Over Internet Protocol
• Game online

Keterangan:

• Terdapat DMZ = De Military Zone untuk sistem keamanan Server
• Dapat menambahkan 1 Server yang dapat diakses dari Internet

• Membutuhkan 4 IP Public = 1 IP Public untuk server yang dapat diakses langsung dari Internet, 1 IP Public sebagai gateway dari server yang ada, 1 IP Public sebagai Network Address, 1 IP Public sebagai Broadcast Address.

Gambar 2. Jaringan Internet dengan DMZ menggunakan WLAN

Contoh 3.

Akses Internet melalui:

Wireless LAN (WLAN)

Implementasi untuk:

• Perusahaan menengah
• Kantor Pusat
• Kampus

Aplikasi untuk:

• Browsing Internet
• Chatting
• Download / Upload
• VoIP = Voice Over Internet Protocol
• Application Server

Keterangan:

• Memerlukan alokasi /29 dengan 8 IP Public = 5 IP Public untuk server yang dapat diakses langsung dari Internet, 1 IP Public sebagai gateway dari server yang ada, 1 IP Public sebagai Network Address, 1 IP Public sebagai Broadcast Address.
• Memiliki Netname sendiri yang dapat di whois dari Internet.
• Membutuhkan Network/System Administrator.

Gambar 3. Jaringan Internet dengan alokasi /29 menggunakan WLAN

Contoh 4.

Akses Internet melalui:

ADSL

Implementasi untuk:

• SOHO = Small Office Home Office atau UKM = Usaha Kecil Menengah
• Kantor Cabang
• Sekolah
• Warung Internet atau Game Online

Aplikasi untuk:

• Browsing Internet
• Chatting
• Download / Upload
• VoIP = Voice Over Internet Protocol
• Game online

Keterangan:

• Jika diperlukan adanya server yang dapat diakses dari Internet yang terpisah dengan PC Router dapat menggunakan teknik Port Forwarding, tetapi perlu diketahui teknologi ADSL tidak cocok untuk menempatkan web server di dalam jaringan karena sifatnya yang Asymmetric dimana Downstream biasanya besar tetapi Upstream kecil.

Gambar 4.Jaringan Internet Sederhana Menggunakan ADSL menggunakan modem eksternal

Contoh 5.

Akses Internet melalui:

ADSL

Implementasi untuk:

• SOHO = Small Office Home Office atau UKM = Usaha Kecil Menengah
• Kantor Cabang
• Sekolah
• Warung Internet atau Game Online

Aplikasi untuk:

• Browsing Internet
• Chatting
• Download / Upload
• VoIP = Voice Over Internet Protocol
• Game online

Keterangan:

• Jika diperlukan adanya server yang dapat diakses dari Internet yang terpisah dengan PC Router dapat menggunakan teknik Port Forwarding, tetapi perlu diketahui teknologi ADSL tidak cocok untuk menempatkan web server di dalam jaringan karena sifatnya yang Asymmetric dimana Downstream biasanya besar tetapi Upstream kecil.

Gambar 5.
Jaringan Internet Sederhana Menggunakan ADSL
menggunakan modem internal/USB

Contoh 6.

Akses Internet melalui:

ADSL

Implementasi untuk:

• SOHO = Small Office Home Office atau UKM = Usaha Kecil Menengah
• Kantor Cabang
• Personal

Aplikasi untuk:

• Browsing Internet
• Chatting
• Download / Upload
• VoIP = Voice Over Internet Protocol
• Game online

Gambar 6. Jaringan Internet Personal menggunakan ADSL

Contoh 7.

Akses Internet melalui:

Wireless LAN (WLAN), ADSL, Fiber Optic, Leased Line dll.

Implementasi untuk:

• APARTEMENT
• Gedung Perkantoran

Aplikasi untuk:

• Browsing Internet
• Chatting
• Download / Upload
• VoIP = Voice Over Internet Protocol
• Game Online

Keterangan:

• Akses Internet melalui infrastruktur kabel telepon gedung , dimana Internet di tumpangkan pada kabel telepon yang ada di Apartment atau gedung perkantoran.
• Pelanggan cukup menggunakan Home PNA Adaptor atau ADSL modem biasa sebagai pengganti modem.

Gambar 7. Jaringan Internet menggunakan Home PNA

BUS NETWORK

bus network Last modified: Monday, August 05, 2002

A network in which all nodes are connected to a single wire (the bus) that has two endpoints. Ethernet 10Base-2 and 10Base-5 networks, for example, are bus networks. Other common network types include star networks and ring networks. For network diagrams, see Network Topology Diagrams in the Quick Reference section of Webopedia.

LAN

Local Area Network (LAN)

Local Area Network (LAN)Local area network (LAN) is a data communication system which allows a number of devices or computers to communicate directly Threaded each other. Inside there are three known types of LAN architectures: Ethernet, Fiber Distributed ringdan token data interface (FDDI).LAN ArchitectureNetwork Architecture consists daripengkabelan, topology, packet format and access methods. Architecture commonly used in cable-based LAN network is electrically, through the development of optical technology is now widely used fiber optic cable as an alternative media and their advantages and disadvantages.The wiring system has been discussed in the media Trasmisi Wired in this section will discuss the architecture topology, access method, and packet formats.Network architecture born during the transition state. ARCNet, Ethernet or Token-Ring is one example of the old architecture that will soon be replaced with other architectures with a higher speed.Network architecture which is now widely used, although considered obsolute, supports transmissions ranging from 2.5 Mbps for ARCNet network, 10 Mbps and 16 Mbps for Ethernet Token-Ring network. This network architecture has been developed for higher performance, the network was increased to ARCNet ARCNet 20MBps Plus and Ethernet upgraded to 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet and 1000 Mbps (1 Gbps) with the name of Gigabit Ethernet.In addition to existing development, also began to implement new architectures such as fiber optics, or Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) danAsynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM). Latest technology for fiber optic adalahSynchronous Optical Network (SONET).Apart from copper cable network, also known wireless network or wireless. The wireless network uses radio wave transmission systems and microwave (microwave). Fiber optics has the advantage of the same wireless network compared to copper wires that reach a longer distance. Optical fiber is widely used for cross-island and cross country more often called-sea cables, while wireless using satellite communication. The weakness of satellite communications compared to the sea cable is a communication-satellites have a higher average delay time.

IP address

Change your IP Address to England

How to get an English IP address   (by iPrivacyTools)

WHY WOULD YOU WANT TO CHANGE TO AN IP ADDRESS IN ENGLAND?   Well, perhaps:

• You are an English citizen wishing to access English websites as if you're at home.
• You are an Internet entrepreneur wanting to review your marketing campaigns in England.
• You are learning English and desire to surf the Internet as if you are located in England.
• You are an English traveler and your bank only allows online access from within England.
• Etc, etc, etc.

First, a legal note:
We are not lawyers, and we do not have the resources to answer questions about whether any method on this page will allow you access to a particular website. There are many "grey" areas (e.g. Does an English citizen with a physical server located in their own country have the right to access otherwise restricted services? Or does an English soldier have the right to view their online bank account, or watch a sporting event in his or her home country, while stationed overseas?). These issues will vary from website to website, and country to country. The fact is that if a website is absolutely serious about blocking all and every non-local visitor, they'll be able to do so. Given the plethora of websites that restrict geographic access to some degree, it is up to you to get permission, read the terms of use, consult with a legal advisor, or do whatever else it takes to determine whether or not you are acting within a website's acceptable use policy by utilizing any of the information or options listed on this page.

OPTION #1 to change IP address to England: Web Proxies

Web proxies are simply websites that relay your Internet requests. You will typically go to the website that hosts the web proxy, enter the URL that you want to access, and the website will then display the requested page in a frame. If effective, the website visited will only see the IP address of the web proxy, and not your own.
POSITIVE: They're usually free, and their speed is usually tolerable.
NEGATIVE: They are often ad supported, so you'll encounter a lot of popups; They may not be compatible with certain protocols, such as video or SSL; Relay of your personal/private information is usually not secure, so you should not enter any passwords or financial info; They are easily broken (meaning your IP may be exposed via popups, etc) ; Web proxies for England are rather difficult to find.
To give it a try, do a Google search for "England web proxy". As mentioned above, they're a little difficult to find for England.

OPTION #2: Free HTTP Proxy Servers

HTTP Proxies are also a type of relay service, but they are accessed by configuring your web browser rather than by typing a URL into a website. If setup to be "anonymous", the websites you visit will only see the IP address of the HTTP proxy, and not yours.
POSITIVE: They're not as easy to break as web proxies, because even popups that appear in your browser will have to go through the relay; No ads will appear.
NEGATIVE: They are often not compatible with SSL, so they're not safe for logging into membership sites, accessing email, or making purchases; They often run very slowly (perhaps due to overuse); It's difficult to know who is operating the relays and whether they might want to intercept your data; They're difficult to find for England. Read more
To give it a try, check out our tutorials for Internet Explorer, Firefox, and Safari.

OPTION #3 to Get an IP address in England: Paid Proxies

If you need a reliable Internet connection through an IP address in England, you're probably going to end up spending at least a little money. While there are some free options, mentioned above, subscribing to a fee-based service will give you an incredibly more convenient and secure means of accomplishing your objective.
As with the previous options, a paid proxy will also route your web requests through a server in England (that's the only practical way to appear that you're surfing with an English IP address). However, the few advantages mentioned below make the process a lot more logical for most purposes.
POSITIVE: Faster and more reliable than free options; SSL compatible, so you can safely access membership sites, email, shopping sites, and more.
NEGATIVE: They are only compatible with your web browser (but of course that is what most people need to change their IP address for); They cost money.
If you'd like to give it a try, just visit our homepage.

OPTION #4 for getting an English IP address: VPN Service

VPN, which means "Virtual Private Network", is a secure method of connecting to a remote network, such as logging into an office server from your home. If the VPN is setup to do so, it can also act as a relay for web requests (not unlike a proxy), and be your virtual IP address in England. There are some distinct advantages that a VPN has over a proxy, most notably the ability to relay data for most Internet applications without special configuration.
POSITIVE: Works with most programs that access the Internet (browsers, chat programs, email clients); Can be configured to encrypt your Internet traffic (which makes activities like public WiFi connections more secure).
NEGATIVE: Typically a little higher priced than proxy services.
If you're interested in VPN, we currently feature two services:

1. Standard VPN service on shared IP addresses in the U.K. or U.S. for $10 per month.
2. Deluxe VPN service on a private IP address in the U.K., U.S., Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Netherlands, Spain, or Switzerland for around $15 per month. Please inquire for pricing in other countries.